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A Leap Year is a calender year that contains an additional day added to keep the calender year synchronised with the astronomical year or seasonal year.  Leap Year occurs once in every four years, which has 366 days including 29 February as an intercalary day. 2024-A Leap Year How a leap year occurs?  It takes approximately 365.25 days for Earth to orbit the Sun, which is called a Solar Year. We usually round the days in a calender year to 365. We add one day to our calender year for that missing partial day. That is a leap year. To discuss further, a year is the amount of time it takes a planet to orbit its star one time. A day is the amount of time it takes a planet to finish one rotation on its axis.  Our Earth takes approximately 365 days and 6 hours to orbit its star the Sun. It takes approximately 24 hour & 1 day to rotate on its axis. It means, our year is not an exact number of days. Because of that, most years, we round the days in a year down to 365. However, that leftov

Konark , the Surya(Sun  🌞 ) temple was built in the 13 th century under the reign of Narasimha Deva I ( AD 1238-1264 ). The temple is built in Konark, on the shores of Bay of Bengal in Puri district . The temple at Konark is a monumental representation of the Sun god Surya's chariot; its 24 wheels are decorated with symbolic designs and it is led by a team of six horses. Konark It is believed that more than 1200 workers were laboured for 12 years under the Master builder (architect) Bisu Moharana to build this temple.  Konark is an outstanding testimony to the 13th-century kingdom of Odisha. Some Facts about our Sun Age of the Sun-450 crore years. Sun is 15 crore kilometres away from Earth. Sun having a diameter of 14 lakh kilometers, that means Sun can fit 13 lakh Earths in it! Sun's mass is 3,30,000 times the mass of Earth. The Sun is just one among the 10,000 crore and more stars in the Milky Way. It takes eight minutes and twenty seconds for the light to reach Earth fro

National Civil Service Day The Government of India chose April 21 as the National Civil Service Day as on this day the country's first home minister , Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel, addressed the newly appointed Administrative Services Officers in 1947 at Metcalf House in New Delhi. First Woman to Join the Indian Foreign Service   The first woman to join the Indian Foreign Service (IFS) was C.B. Muthamma in 1949. Prior to her, Vijaya Lakshmi Pandit was appointed as the first woman Ambassador of India to the Soviet Union in 1947. Female Foreign Secretaries of India. In 2001, Chokila Iyer became the first female foreign secretary of India. Since then only two more women have occupied the highest office of the service: Nirupama Menon Rao (2009-2011) and Sujatha Singh (2013-2015). Jai Jawan, Jai Kisan Lal Bahadur Shastri gave the famous slogan 'Jai Jawan, Jai Kisan' during the 1965 India-Pakistan war to boost the morale of soldiers and farmers in the backdrop of the crucial war a

Eye Chart Q. What is Long sightedness or Hypermetropia/Hyperopia? Ans. Long sigtedness or Hypermetropia is a defect of the eye, where distant objects can be seen clearly but closer objects appear blurred. In this case the image will form behind the retina and not on it. It is called long sightedness because the image is formed at a distance, i.e., behind the retina. Reasons for Hypermetropia or Lon sightedness. The size of the eye ball becomes too small. The focal length of the eye-lens becomes too large (lesser power) Note-The power of a lens is always the reciprocal of its focal length. Remedy : Long sightedness or Hypermetropia/Hyperopia can be corrected by using convex lens with the required power. Remember : The convex lens is called converging lens because when parallel rays of light fall on it, they will converge and meet at a point, after refraction. Q.What is Short sightedness/Near sightedness or Myopia? Ans. Short Sightedness or Myopia is a defect of the eye, where closer o

Cyclones are any large system of winds that circulates about a centre of low atmospheric pressure in a counterclockwise direction north of the Equator and in a clockwise direction to the south.  Cyclone Cyclones are characterized by inward-spiraling winds that rotates about a zone of low pressure. Q.Who are giving names to Cyclones? Global bodies like World Meteorological Organisation (WMO), United Nations Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (UNESCAP) give names to cyclones. Besides these, Regional Specialised Meteorological Centres((RSMC), as well as tropical cyclone warning centres, also prepare the names for cyclones. The Indian Meteorological Department (IMD) is among six RSMC in the world that have been mandated to name tropical cyclones in the north Indian Ocean region. The WMO and UNESCAP comprise India, Myanmar, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Pakistan and Oman. In 2018, the WMO and UNESCAP included five more countries--Iran, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, United Ar

The constitution of India was formally adopted by the Constituent Assembly on 26 November 1949, and came into force on 26 January 1950. On the suggestion of the president of the Law association of the Supreme Court, L.M.Singhvi, November 26 was observed as National Law Day from 1979 .  The Supreme Court of India was inaugurated on 28 January 1950, and H.J. Kania was the first Chief Justice of India . The Supreme Court upholds the Constitution by streamlining the roles of 3 organs of the state: the legislature,the executive and the judiciary.  In 2015, the government decided to observe November 26 as the National Constitution Day or Samvidhan Diwas to promote constitutional values among citizens. This day also honours the Chief Architect of the Indian Constitution, Dr.B.R.Ambedkar. The Constitution of India is the largest in the world and was hand-written by Prem Behari Narain Raizada , a famous calligrapher. According to Dr.Ambedkar, Article 32-" the right to constitutional re